In this passage we come to the theological center of the book of Acts.  It is not the most important chapter in regard to characters or narrative, but it forms the gravitational pull of theology and doctrine for the entire book.  The rise of the Christian church and the influx of Gentile Christians has highlighted a problem: do Gentiles have to become like Jews before they can be saved Christians?  The apostles and leaders gather in Jerusalem over several days to discuss, study, pray and listen to God.  Paying close attention to the testimony of God as Gentiles have been saved, they decide that legalism is not the answer.  More rules and conditions is not what God intends.  There is one condition to salvation: faith in Christ.  Nothing else.  And to maintain clear and healthy channels of evangelism and encouragement, the church should be wise in its conduct towards Jews and Gentiles.